了解 Docker 中的卷指令
在 Docker 中,我们可以创建单独的镜像、容器和卷。 每当我们启动容器时都可以挂载卷。
如果我们可以在 Docker 中手动完成,我们可以通过使用名为 Dockerfile 的文件的构建过程来自动化它。
本文将讨论通过 Dockerfile 在 Docker 中构建、创建和装载卷。
了解 Docker 中的 VOLUME 指令
使用 Dockerfile 时,我们使用多个指令来自动构建单个或多个容器。 这些指令的一个例子是 VOLUME 指令。
在 Dockerfile 中,它应该看起来像这样:
FROM ubuntu
RUN mkdir /samplevol
VOLUME /samplevol
但是,当我们尝试在 Dockerfile 中输入 VOLUME 指令的值时,会出现一些混乱。 使用 VOLUME 指令时,我们需要了解这不是我们指示容器外部 Docker 卷位置的地方。
取而代之的是,VOLUME 指令是我们告诉目标的地方,当容器已经运行时,我们将在容器内的哪个位置挂载我们的外部 Docker 卷。
如果我们还记得的话,当我们运行一个容器时,我们可以使用 --volume 或 -v 参数来挂载一个特定的卷。 但是,此参数还有其他用途。
例如,使用 --volume 参数,我们可以指定应该在哪个位置挂载 Docker 卷。
示例命令:
$ docker run --volume=/volumesd:/samplevol sushi_bake
在上面的命令中,**/volumesd** 目录是卸载的 Docker 卷的位置。 /samplevol 目录是我们将在创建和运行的容器中安装 Docker 卷的地方。
此外,**/samplevol** 目录是 Dockerfile 中 VOLUME 指令的正确值。
或者,我们可以通过不在 Dockerfile 中添加 VOLUME 指令来避免混淆。 如果我们没有在 VOLUME 指令中添加挂载点,Docker 会为要挂载的卷分配一个默认位置。
该位置通常在 /var/lib/docker/volumes 下。
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