扫码一下
查看教程更方便
为了理解 Spring JDBC 框架和 JdbcTemplate 类的相关概念,让我们编写一个简单的示例,它将实现以下 Student 表的所有 CRUD 操作。
CREATE TABLE Student(
ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
首先我们还是使用 FirstSpring 这个项目。然后遵循以下步骤
以下是数据访问对象接口文件 StudentDAO.java 的内容:
StudentDAO.java
package com.jiyik; import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; public interface StudentDAO { /** * 这是用于初始化数据库资源的方法,例如。 连接。 */ public void setDataSource(DataSource ds); /** * 这是用于创建的方法 * Student 表中添加一条记录。 */ public void create(String name, Integer age); /** * 这是用于从学生表中列出与传递的学生ID相对应的记录的方法。 */ public Student getStudent(Integer id); /** * 这是用于列出学生表中所有记录的方法。 */ public List<Student> listStudents(); /** * 这是用于从与传递的学生 ID 对应的学生表中删除记录的方法。 */ public void delete(Integer id); /** * 这是用于将记录更新到 Student 表中的方法。 */ public void update(Integer id, Integer age); }
以下是 Student.java 文件的内容
Student.java
package com.jiyik; public class Student { private Integer age; private String name; private Integer id; public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getId() { return id; } }
以下是 StudentMapper.java 文件的内容
StudentMapper.java
package com.jiyik; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> { public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { Student student = new Student(); student.setId(rs.getInt("id")); student.setName(rs.getString("name")); student.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); return student; } }
下面是定义的DAO接口StudentDAO的实现类文件StudentJDBCTemplate.java。
StudentJDBCTemplate.java
package com.jiyik; import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO { private DataSource dataSource; private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject; public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { this.dataSource = dataSource; this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); } public void create(String name, Integer age) { String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)"; jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age); System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age); return; } public Student getStudent(Integer id) { String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?"; Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL, new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper()); return student; } public List<Student> listStudents() { String SQL = "select * from Student"; List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper()); return students; } public void delete(Integer id) { String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id); System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id ); return; } public void update(Integer id, Integer age){ String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id); System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id ); return; } }
以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容
MainApp.java
package com.jiyik; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate; public class MainApp { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml"); StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate"); System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" ); studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11); studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2); studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15); System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" ); List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents(); for (Student record : students) { System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() ); System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() ); System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge()); } System.out.println("----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----" ); studentJDBCTemplate.update(2, 20); System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----" ); Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2); System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId() ); System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName() ); System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge()); } }
以下是配置文件Beans.xml
Beans.xml
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd "> <!-- Initialization for data source --> <bean id="dataSource" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name = "driverClassName" value = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name = "url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/> <property name = "username" value = "root"/> <property name = "password" value = "password"/> </bean> <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean --> <bean id = "studentJDBCTemplate" class = "com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate"> <property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
完成源代码和 bean 配置文件后,让我们运行应用程序。 如果应用程序一切正常,它将打印以下消息
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----
Updated Record with ID = 2
----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 20
我们可以尝试自己删除该操作,我们在示例中没有使用该操作,但现在有一个基于 Spring JDBC 框架的工作应用程序,自己可以根据项目需求对其进行扩展从而添加复杂的功能。 还有其他访问数据库的方法,我们将使用 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate 和 SimpleJdbcTemplate 类,因此如果有兴趣学习这些类,请查看 Spring Framework 的参考手册。