JavaScript 中不区分大小写的字符串比较
本文介绍了如何在 JavaScript 中进行不区分大小写的字符串比较。
在 toUpperCase()
方法中,首先将字符串转换为大写或小写,然后用三等式运算符 ===
进行比较。
下面是一个例子。
var stringA = "This is a JavaScript tutorial";
var stringB = "THIS is A javascript TUTORIAL";
if (stringA.toUpperCase() === stringB.toUpperCase()){
alert("The strings are equal.")
} else {
alert("The strings are NOT equal.")
}
输出:
The strings are equal.
或者,你也可以使用 toLowercase()
字符串方法将字符串转换为小写,如下例所示。
var stringA = "This is a JavaScript tutorial";
var stringB = "THESE are javascript TUTORIALS";
if (stringA.toLowerCase() === stringB.toLowerCase()){
alert("The strings are equal.")
} else {
alert("The strings are NOT equal.")
}
输出:
The strings are NOT equal
但值得注意的是,大写法是首选。这是因为字母表中的一些字符在转换为小写时不能进行往返。这本质上意味着,它们可能无法以准确表示该数据字符的方式从一个 locale 转换到另一个 locale。
虽然上面的方法给出了一个简单的答案,但当字符串中包含 Unicode 字符时,它可能无法正常工作。localeCompare
字符串方法可以解决这个问题。它与 sensitivity: 'base'
选项一起使用,以捕获所有 Unicode 字符。例如,我们可以在 if()
语句中使用该方法,以获得相关字符串相等和不相等的结果。
if( 'javascript'.localeCompare('JavaScrpt', undefined, { sensitivity: 'base' }) ==0){
alert("The strings are equal")
} else{
alert("The strings are different.")
}
输出:
The strings are different.
在这个方法中,我们使用 RegExp
模式和 test()
方法来进行不区分大小写的字符串比较。例如:
const strA = 'This is a case sensitive comparison';
const strB = 'This is a CASE SENSITIVE comparison';
const regex = new RegExp(strA, "gi");
const comparison = regex.test(strB)
if(comparison) {
alert('Similar strings');
} else {
alert('Different strings');
}
输出:
Similar strings
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