在 JavaScript 中替换字符串
替换字符串的方法有多种,包括 replace()
方法、regular expression
、split()
和 join()
一起,以及 PHP str_replace()
方法的副本。
本篇文章讨论了如何在 JavaScript 中复制 PHP str_replace()
函数,以及一起使用 split()
和 join()
方法来替换 JavaScript 中的字符串。你可以在这里找到更多关于 split()
和 join()
的信息。
split()
方法根据 separator
拆分原始字符串。它在不更改原始字符串的情况下输出新的子字符串数组。
join()
函数根据 separator
连接所有数组元素。它返回一个新字符串而不更新原始字符串。
JavaScript 代码:
let message = "This is a dummy text that we want to replace using replace function.";
let new_message = message.split("want").join("do not want");
console.log(new_message);
输出:
"This is a dummy text that we do not want to replace using replace function."
split()
函数在找到 want
的位置拆分 message
并返回两个子字符串 "This is a dummy text that we "
和 " to replace using replace function."
。请记住,它在破坏字符串时不会删除空格。
join()
方法将这两个子字符串与 do not want
连接起来,并输出为 "This is a dummy text, we don't want to replace using replace function."
。
下面的代码演示了每个函数如何操作并提供更详细的输出。
JavaScript 代码:
let message = "This is a dummy text that we want to replace using replace function.";
let split_message = message.split("want")
let new_message = split_message.join("do not want");
console.log(message);
console.log(split_message);
console.log(new_message);
输出:
"This is a dummy text that we want to replace using replace function."
["This is a dummy text that we ", " to replace using replace function."]
"This is a dummy text that we do not want to replace using replace function."
JavaScript 代码:
function str_replace($searchString, $replaceString, $message) {
// We create regext to find the occurrences
var regex;
// If the $searchString is a string
if ( typeof($searchString) == "string" ) {
// Escape all the characters used by regex
$searchString = $searchString.replace(/[.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-]/g, "\\");
regex = new RegExp("(" + $searchString + ")", "g");
} else {
// Escape all the characters used by regex
$searchString = $searchString.map(function(i) {
return i.replace(/[.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-]/g, "\\");
});
regex = new RegExp("(" + $searchString.join("|") + ")", "g");
}
// we create the replacement
var replacement;
// If the $searchString is a string
if ( typeof($replaceString) == "string" ) {
replacement = $replaceString;
} else {
// If the $searchString is a string and the $replaceString an array
if ( typeof($searchString) == "string" ) {
replacement = $replaceString[0];
} else {
// If the $searchString and $replaceString are arrays
replacement = function (i) {
return $replaceString[ $searchString.indexOf(i) ];
}
}
}
return $message.replace(regex, replacement);
}
let message = "This is a dummy text that we want to replace using replace function.";
console.log(str_replace("want", "do not want", message));
输出:
"This is a dummy text that we do not want to replace using replace function."
对于上面的示例,str_replace()
方法采用三个参数:$searchString
、$replaceString
和 $message
。
它首先创建 regex
(/[want]/g
),考虑 $searchString
是否属于 string
类型而不是。然后,我们考虑各种情况创建替换
。
例如,如果 $searchString
是否是 string
。如果不是,请检查 $searchString
是否是 string
和 $replaceString
是否是数组或 $searchString
和 $replaceString
是否都是数组。
最后,我们在 replace()
方法中使用此 regex
和 replacement
来获得所需的输出。我们可以优化上面给出的长代码以获得准确的输出。
JavaScript 代码:
function str_replace($search, $replace, $message) {
return $message.replace(new RegExp("(" + (typeof($search) == "string" ?
$search.replace(/[.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-]/g, "\\") :
$search.map(function(i) {
return i.replace(/[.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-]/g, "\\")
}).join("|")) + ")", "g"), typeof($replace) == "string" ?
$replace : typeof($search) == "string" ? $replace[0] : function(i) {
return $replace[$search.indexOf(i)]
});
}
let message = "This is a dummy text that we want to replace using replace function.";
console.log(str_replace("want", "do not want", message));
输出:
"This is a dummy text that we do not want to replace using replace function."
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