Encoding Base64 in Node.js
In this short article, we will learn how to convert a string or text to base64 in Node.js.
Base64 encoding in Node.js
Buffer objects are used to represent fixed-length sequences of bytes. A large number of Node.js APIs support buffers.
A string can be converted to a sequence of bytes using Buffer.from()the method, which takes the string to be converted and the string's current encoding. You can specify this encoding as UTF8.
The JavaScript class Uint8Array is a subclass of the Buffer class, adding new methods to cater to various use cases. Node.js APIs can accept simple Uint8Array as long as they support Buffer .
Although the Buffer class is accessible in the global scope, it is still recommended to explicitly reference it using import or require declaration. Decoding is converting a buffer to a string using any method, while encoding is converting a string to a buffer.
toString()The converted bytes
can then be returned as base64 using the function method. The encoding required during the conversion is specified via the parameter accepted by this procedure.
Following are other binary to text encodings supported by Node.js.
- base64
- base64url
- hex
When constructing a buffer from a string, Base64 encoding accepts the URL- and filename-safe alphabet described in RFC 4648, Section 5. Base64 encodes whitespace in the string, including spaces, tabs, and newlines.
Let us understand it with a simple example.
Code:
console.log(Buffer.from("Hello Jiyik Readers!").toString('base64'));
console.log(Buffer.from("SGVsbG8gSml5aWsgUmVhZGVycyE=", 'base64').toString('ascii'));
We pass the text to the buffer and expect it to encode it as base64. In the next line of code, we decode the buffer from base64 to ascii, which is your plain text.
Try running the above example in a compiler that supports Node.js.
The output is as follows:
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