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Many novice programmers find it difficult to convert integers to strings and vice versa because of a rote example in the book. In the future, we will create a simple and practical roadmap for solving such problems.

First, let's define the necessary terms before moving on to the code.

An integer is a mathematical word that defines a set of all natural numbers. For example, negative numbers (such as -2) are integers, and 0 is an integer, although it is neither positive nor negative. In addition, all positive natural numbers are integers. However, it should be noted that rational numbers, irrational numbers, and imaginary numbers do not belong to its category. In programming languages, intvariables store integers.

On the other hand, strings in C++ are just one-dimensional arrays of characters. For example, a word HUis a two-character string. String variables store characters. A string class also exists, but it's a bit complicated at this stage.

Let's explain it with a simple code.

Serial.begin(9600);   // Baud rate for communication, sending bits at a rate of
                      // 9600 bits/sec.
char a[] = {72, 85};  //  define two integer in an array.
Serial.println(a);    // Prints the output a.

Before we start explaining, it is important to note that this code requires a live Arduino USB connected to the PC in order for the serial monitor to show the results.

The bit rate is 9600, which is required. Increasing it may interrupt the process and the output will become erratic. The entire code is 3 lines of integers, characters, and strings. The two integers, 72 and 85, are processed using char variables and converted to words using ASCII codes. After retrieving this data from the library, Serial.printlnthe command sends the output to the serial monitor. These two characters or letters here will form a string, but it is not necessary to define it.

The display will print HUto show you. You can try changing this value and see the results for yourself.

int i = 72;      // Assigns an integer value to i
char b[] = {i};  // the integer value has been assign as a variable to b
Serial.println(b);

Now, this example is not your typical example. It is a simple integer to character conversion, if you want to get complicated you can elaborate on the code further to introduce strings.

Integer, String and Char Variable Description

The final example is a bit more complex:

int h = 72;  // Assigning integer.
int j = 85;
char c[] = {h,
            j};  // Inputting the variable h and j into the character variable c
String(z) = c;   // Producing a string.
Serial.println(z);

Let's start with the first line and hassign a simple integer value to . jThe same is true for . Also, the char variable cand then subset both variables and convert them from integer to hexadecimal.